Production of antimony by directly reducing-matting …
In order to eliminate the serious environment pollution of the low concentration sulfur dioxide smoke produced commonly in our antimony smelters, the …
Antimony, a pollutant of emerging concern: A review on …
Stibnite (Sb 2 S 3) and Jamesonite (Pb 4 FeSb 6 S 14) are the two major ores of antimony and it is mainly derived from stibnite ... Local soils around the antimony smelting areas are polluted by fly ash emitted during smelting activities. Average antimony concentrations in three soil samples, ...
Equilibrium mass-dependent isotope fractionation of antimony …
Environmental mobility of antimony around mesothermal stibnite deposits, New South Wales, Australia and southern New Zealand. J. Geochem. Explor. (2003) T.-L ... The loss and enrichment of heavy isotopes in the 0–10 cm and 10–25 cm layers of the antimony from smelting source in the polluted soil profile may be controlled by the …
Distribution and phytoavailability of antimony at an …
Stibnite (Sb 2S 3) is the only ore mineral. Trace amounts of pyrite, pyrrhotite and sphalerite occur in the ore along with the main primary gangue minerals, quartz and calcite, and secondary barite and fluorite. Ores can be divided into four types: quartz-stibnite, calcitestibnite, barite-quartz-stib-nite and fluorite-quartz-stibnite. The ...
Development of Antimony Smelting Technology in China
Recently, intensified smelting approaches such as oxygen-rich bottom-and top-blowing bath smelting were developed for the stibnite oxidation and volatilization to produce antimony oxide (Liu et al ...
Antimony Sulfide
Antimony sulfide (Sb 2 S 3, stibnite) is a semiconductor nanomaterial with orthorhombic crystal structure [1, 2].It has outstanding properties and potential applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices [75].One attractive property of Sb 2 S 3 is the crystal structure, which consists of double (Sb 4 S 6) n ribbon units linked through van der Waals forces in …
Antimony Recovery from End-of-Life Products and Industrial …
Antimony has become an increasingly critical element in recent years, due to a surge in industrial demand and the Chinese domination of primary production. Antimony is produced from stibnite ore (Sb2O3) which is processed into antimony metal and antimony oxide (Sb2O3). The industrial importance of antimony is mainly derived from …
One-step extraction of antimony from low-grade stibnite …
A new process for one-step extraction of antimony in low temperature from stibnite concentrate by reductive sulfur-fixation smelting in sodium molten salt, using iron oxide as sulfur-fixing agent ...
One-Step Extraction of Antimony in Low Temperature from Stibnite …
In comparison to traditional antimony pyrometallurgical process, the smelting temperature of present process is reduced from 1150–1200 °C (1423–1473 K) to 850–900 °C (1123–1173 K).
One-Step Extraction of Antimony in Low …
The optimum reductive-sulfur-fixing smelting conditions for one-step extraction of antimony from stibnite concentrate were …
The exposure to and health effects of antimony
INTRODUCTION. Antimony (Sb) (atomic number 51; atomic mass 121.75 g/mol; density 6.684 g/cm 3; melting point 631°C) occurs naturally as a sulphide ore, stibnite (Sb 2 S 3) and valentinite (Sb 2 0 3).The traditional method of treating the ore is to roast it with charcoal or coke and collect the volatile oxide fume (Sb 4 O 6) from which pure …
Reaction Behaviors of Associated Minerals in …
The molten salt metallurgy of Sb, which involves the smelting of stibnite in a binary NaCl-Na2CO3 salt with sulfur-fixing and the addition of a reductant, has been proposed as a clean method for Sb extraction. However, the …
(PDF) Antimony speciation and contamination of waters …
As the world's biggest manufacturer of antimony, huge amounts of antimony dusts are introduced into the surrounding atmosphere of Xikuangshan during the mining and smelting processes. Most local workers in the mines are observed to come into contact with stibnite ore and airborne antimony extensively through both inhalation and derma …
Antimony: Unveiling Its Uses, Properties, and Health Impacts
Smelting: The roasted antimony concentrate is further processed through smelting. During smelting, the antimony oxide is heated with a reducing agent, such as iron or carbon, ... It is commonly found in the form of antimony ore, particularly in a mineral called stibnite. Antimony compounds, such as antimony trioxide, antimony sulfide, ...
One-Step Extraction of Antimony in Low …
A new process for one-step extraction of antimony in low temperature from stibnite concentrate by reductive sulfur-fixation smelting in sodium molten salt, using iron oxide as sulfur-fixing agent, …
Development of Antimony Smelting Technology in China
"Antimony resources are rich in china, its reserves and productions are ranking the first in the world. The Chinese antimony mineral resources are mainly existed in the form of three types, such as stibnite, antimony-gold ores andjamesonite. The antimonial dust that produced from lead smelting process is an important secondary …
Production of antimony by directly reducing-matting smelting of
A new process for one-step extraction of antimony in low temperature from stibnite concentrate by reductive sulfur-fixation smelting in sodium molten salt, using iron oxide as sulfur-fixing agent ...
One-step extraction of antimony from low-grade stibnite in …
In the presence of ZnO, a molten salt smelting process was developed for the extraction of antimony from low-grade stibnite. The smelting parameters, such as …
Production of antimony by directly reducing-matting smelting …
The results show that the optimum conditions are that the reducing-matting smelting is carried out at (1 100 ℃) for 2 h, then the smelting temperature raise to 1 200 ℃ for 50 min. The amount of pyrite cinder is 1.2 times of its theoretical amount, the addition amount of soda and sodium sulfate is 5% and 24.2% to the amount of stibnite ...
Cleaning of high antimony smelting slag from an oxygen …
AbstractCleaning of high antimony smelting slag from an oxygen-enriched bottom-blown was tested by direct reduction in a laboratory-scale electric furnace. The effects of added CaO, mass ratio of coal (experimental) to coal (theoretical) (ω) and the slag type on the reduction procedure were considered. The contents of Sb and Au were investigated. …
Study on the reducing-matting-smelting of stibnite concentrate …
The addition of soda and sodium sulfate is 15% and 72.6%, respectively, to the amount of stibnite concentrate when the total amount of sodium is 30%. The reducing-matting smelting is conducted at ...
Extraction Process of Antimony from Stibnite by …
In this paper, the author aimed at the problems existing in the molten pool volatile melting process, on the basis of theory analysis combined with the melting …
Separation of Antimony from a Stibnite Concentrate …
The main purpose of this study is to characterize and separate antimony from a stibnite concentrate through a low-temperature sulfur-fixing smelting process. This article reports on a study conducted on the optimization of process parameters, such as flux and zinc oxide weight percentage, in charging, smelting temperature, smelting duration …
One-Step Extraction of Antimony in Low Temperature …
Flow sheet of reductive sulfur-fixing smelting of stibnite concentrate for one-step extraction of antimony in low temperature. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Materials Stibnite concentrate used in this study obtained from Chenzhou Mining Group Co., LTD., Huaihua, Hunan, China. Powdered Fe2O3, Na2CO3 and NaCl with >99.99% purity were …
One-step extraction of antimony from low-grade stibnite in …
Semantic Scholar extracted view of "One-step extraction of antimony from low-grade stibnite in Sodium Carbonate – Sodium Chloride binary molten salt" by Ye Longgang et al. ... which involves the smelting of stibnite in a binary NaCl-Na2CO3 salt with sulfur-fixing and the addition of a reductant, has been proposed as a clean method for Sb ...
MIT's accidental smelting discovery unlocks the potential of antimony
While societies from thousands of years ago used it in the form of stibnite for decoration, in modern times it is used to make semiconductor devices, batteries, low-friction metals, cable sheathing and flame-proofing materials, paint, ceramic enamels, glass and pottery. The traditional method of producing antimony metal is through heat smelting.
A New Pyrometallurgical Process for Producing Antimony …
The antimony mineral resources of China mainly consist of stibnite, antimony-gold ore, and jamesonite, which accounts for 52%, 15%, and 25% of antimony production in 2010. A by-product from lead smelting—antimonial dust, which contains antimony, lead, bismuth, copper, arsenic, silver, etc.—is also an important secondary …
Technological trends, emerging applications and metallurgical
The Sb recovery in this one step smelting process reached 92.88% with lower energy consumption and elimination of SO 2, since the sulfur was fixed to Zn to form ZnS (Ye et al ... Gök (2014) reported direct alkaline leaching of antimony from stibnite ore concentrate. 90% of Sb leaching was reached using a mixture of hydroquinone (HQ or C …
Clean antimony production from stibnite concentrate with …
In view of the issues of low efficiency and environmental pollution existing in current antimony production, this work proposes an innovative and cleaner process to extract antimony from stibnite concentrate and co-treat goethite residues. The mechanisms of antimony extraction and zinc, iron, sulfur conservation was …
Development of Antimony Smelting Technology in China
Materials Science, Chemistry. 2014. Antimonial dust is a by-product of lead smelting and an important material for extracting antimony. A new pyrometallurgical process for producing antimony white from the antimonial dust is reported.…. Expand. 33. Semantic Scholar extracted view of "Development of Antimony Smelting Technology in …