The steel production transformation process in Europe: New slag …
The main challenge of the steel industry for the next decade is the steel production transformation process, starting in Europe. The CO 2 intensive blast furnace/basic oxygen furnace (BOF) route will be substituted by a combination of Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), based on natural gas, later on "green" hydrogen, with an Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) or …
Effect of ground granulate blast-furnace slag on corrosion performance
Ground granulate blast-furnace slagIn experimental studies, ground granulate blast-furnace slag which is produced by KARÇİMSA was used. The chemical and physical properties of this ground granulate blast-furnace slag are given in Table 1. 2.1.3. AggregatesEskişehir Osmaneli sand and Söğüt Zemzemiye crushed stone …
Glass structure of industrial ground granulated blast furnace …
Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is a glassy by-product of hot metal production and has been used in blended cements for over 140 years [1,2,3,4].GGBS-containing binders and concretes have a lower CO 2 footprint, show a decreased heat development and an increased physical and chemical resistance [1, 3, 5,6,7,8].At high …
Influence of granulated blast furnace slag on the reaction, …
Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) has been used to alter the geopolymerisation behaviour of fly ash. The influence of varying amount of GBFS (5–50%) on the reaction kinetics has been studied using isothermal conduction calorimetry. It was observed that the reaction at 27 °C is dominated by the GBFS activation, whereas the …
Ground Slag Properties, Characterisation and Uses
furnace slag needs to be appropriately processed to create a product with the necessary performance and consistency. Specifically, the iron slag must first be quenched to form slag granulate – a glassy mineral product – and then the granulate is milled to cement-like fineness in a 'cement' mill – creating Ground
Compressive strength and electrical properties of
Non-destructive evaluation techniques are increasingly used for the investigation of reinforced concrete structures in marine environment. In this paper, the possibility of evaluating chloride profiles by Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) on Blast furnace slag (BFS) concrete at a long curing period so having high electrical …
Electric arc furnace granulated slag for sustainable concrete
Electric arc furnace slag (EAFS) is an attractive by-product due to its suitability as a replacement aggregate, the use of which helps to reduce the demand for natural resources. The aim of the present study is to determine the suitability of EAFS as a 50% and replacement for coarse concrete aggregates, by evaluating its physical ...
Influence of silica fume and ground granulated blast furnace slag …
Industrial by-products such as Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Fly Ash (FA), and Silica Fume (SF) are cementitious and pozzolanic, making them a preferred choice among researchers as a viable material to mix with cement to reduce carbon emissions. ... ASTM C1202 (2012) Standard test method for electrical indication …
Effect of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Replacement …
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag on the structural performance of precast concrete beams, evaluating the flexural, shear and bonding performance by using the replacement ratio of the ground granulated blast furnace slag as a variable. The design strength of the concrete was set …
A Comprehensive Review on the Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag …
Blast-furnace slag and its derivative GGBS are examples of industrial byproducts that are primarily utilized as supplemental cementitious products in cement and concrete production. ... electrical energy usage produces about 50 kg of carbon dioxide per ton of cement. ... İ.B.; Boğa, A.R. Effect of Ground Granulate Blast-Furnace Slag on ...
Utilization and efficiency of ground granulated blast furnace slag …
Blast furnace slag is produced in a blast furnace concurrently with Fe. Fig. 1 schematically represents obtaining the blast furnace slag from the iron ore. Iron oxides are reduced to igneous Fe in the furnace by adding a flux such as limestone or dolomite and a fuel and with a reducing agent such as coke [4].The igneous slag indwells on the …
Electric arc furnace granulated slag for sustainable concrete
Abstract and Figures. This paper deals with the use of industrial by-products from electric arc furnace (EAF) granulated slag for the partial replacement of natural aggregates commonly used to ...
Granulation and Heat Recovery from Metallurgical Slags
The granulated blast furnace slag produced by the pilot plants at CSIRO was over 98% glassy and denser than the water-granulated slag. ... For the purpose of electric power generation, the TEG efficiencies are comparable to thermal methods. ... Neuhold R (2018) Dry slag granulation—the future way to granulate blast furnace slag. In: …
Effects of ultra-fine ground granulated blast-furnace slag on …
The GGBS in this work was commercially available ultra-fine slag of two sizes (V1 and V2), Nitrogen BET Surface area of V2 (3955 m 2 kg −1) was found to be much higher than the V1 (2435 m 2 kg −1).The (CaO + MgO)/SiO 2 ratio by mass (M, coefficient of basicity) was a reliable indicator of reactivity [25], Calculated M = 1.55 of the UFS. Fig. 1 …
Utilization of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS
Özbay E, Erdemir M, Durmuş HI (2016) Utilization and efficiency of ground granulated blast furnace slag on concrete properties - a review. Constr Build Mater 105:423–434. Article Google Scholar Suresh D, Nagaraju K (2015) Ground granulated blast slag (GGBS) in concrete – a review. IOSR J Mech Civil Eng 12(4):1684–2278
Influence of ground granulated blast furnace slag on the …
Alkali-activated materials are low-environmental-impact binders that can be obtained from the alkaline activation of industrial wastes. In this study, converter steel slag as the major raw material and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) as the modified material were activated by water glass with a modulus of 1.5 and a Na2O …
Effects of utilising granulated blast furnace slag as …
The present study evaluates the effect of utilising granulated blast furnace slag as a partial substitution of the fine fraction of natural aggregates on various concrete …
Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Slag | US EPA
About EAF Slag. EAF slag is a rock-like material generated during the steel-making process. Approximately 130 facilities across the United States generate EAF slag. EAF slag is used as an alternative to rock fragments, both in encapsulated uses (e.g., contained in concrete) and unencapsulated uses (e.g., loose ground cover material).
A Comprehensive Review on the Ground Granulated …
The FS of concrete at a water to binder ratio of 0.45 is 4.216 MPa for a control mix that does not include GGBS. In addition, the FS is increased to 4.367 MPa, 4.47 …
An experimental study on corrosion resistance of
At the 14-day age, all the concrete mixture specimens made with or without ground granulate blast-furnace slag (GGBS) showed strengths in excess of 350 kg/cm 2. The performances of the GGBS-containing mixtures (B2, B3, and B4) were similar to that of the B1 mixture at 28 days, but were superior to that of the B1 mixture at 56 days.
A Review of Granulation Process for Blast Furnace Slag
Blast furnace slag is a by-product of blast furnace (BF) ironmaking produce. Every pig iron production is accompany by 0.3 ~ 0.6 tons of blast furnace slag produced with the temperature of 1350 ć ~1450 ć (1600~1 800 MJ sensible heat, equivalent to 55~61kg standard coal combustion after the heat generated). On this basis, the BF slag is up to ...
Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) Slag | US EPA
About EAF Slag. EAF slag is a rock-like material generated during the steel-making process. Approximately 130 facilities across the United States generate EAF …
Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag
11.2.2 Ground-granulated furnace slag. Ground granulated blast-furnace slag, GGBFS, is a by-product of iron in blast-furnace. It mainly consists of silicate and aluminosilicate of melted calcium that periodically needed to be removed from the blast furnace. Similar to fly ash, the chemical compositions of GGBFS depend on the row materials used ...
An Overview of Behaviour of Concrete with Granulated Blast Furnace Slag …
Concrete Containing Electric Arc Furnace Slag and Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Mat erial s (Basel). 12, 9 p. 1371. [3] Cahyani R A T and Rusdianto Y, 2020 Concrete Performance with Ground ...
A new technological approach to the granulation of slag …
Deterioration of the activity of slag granulate leads to the need for additional chemical, mechanical, or thermal activation, which worsens the technical and economic …
Electric arc furnace slag as natural aggregate
Electric arc furnace slag (Fig. 2), crushed by the producer and supplied in three different sizes, fine (f), medium (m), coarse (c) (Fig. 1), was added as a partial substitution of the natural ones. The specific mass of EAFs, in the range 3630–3760 kg/m 3 was compared to the corresponding values of natural aggregates in Table 1.
Effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag on cement …
The concrete mixes were designed based on the ACI 211.1-91 (reapproved 2009) [40], as shown in Table 3.The reference concrete, named OPC, was made with Portland cement and the designed w/b ratio was 0.42, assuming that full hydration can be achieved based on the Powers-Brownyard model [20].GGBS replacement levels were …
Comparing Properties of Concrete Containing Electric …
materials Article Comparing Properties of Concrete Containing Electric Arc Furnace Slag and Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Jin-Young Lee 1, Jin-Seok Choi 2, Tian-Feng Yuan 2, Young-Soo Yoon 2,* and Denis Mitchell 1,* 1 Department of Civil Engineering and Applied Mechanics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C3, Canada; …
Comparing Properties of Concrete Containing …
The main by-products of the steel industry, blast furnace (BF) slag and steel-making (SM) slag, can partially replace cement in concrete because of its potential …
Electric arc furnace granulated slag for sustainable …
The chemical composition of the waste aggregates is summarized in Table 1.Water absorption and density of natural aggregates and slag waste were evaluated …