Clay mineral diagenesis and quartz cementation in …
Abstract Clay mineral abundances and illite-smectite (I/S) compositions have been determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) ... O-isotope analysis of shales sampled from wells drilled through sedimentary deposits in the Gulf of Mexico region indicates that the sediments and rocks are not isotopically equilibrated systems ...
Fabric development and the smectite to illite transition in …
The mineral chemical data thus track the progressive illitization of smectite in the Gulf of Mexico mud- stones. 4. Discussion Volumes of clay-dominated mudstone from the Tertiary Gulf of Mexico sample set display a variety of degrees of fabric anisotropy at the 400 gm2 scale (microscale).
A comprehensive review on clay swelling and illitization of smectite …
2.2. Smectite. Smectite is a group of expandable 2:1 phyllosilicate clay minerals, which are unique in their ability to swell upon hydration, low porosity, high surface area, and high cation exchange capacity [29]; H [30, 31].Minerals within this group include dioctahedral smectites (montmorillonite, nontronite, and beidellite) and trioctahedral …
Microbial reduction of structural iron in interstratified …
In the absence of AQDS, sulfate increased the reduction rate and capacity, suggesting that sulfide produced during sulfate reduction reacted with the phyllosilicate Fe(III). The extent of bioreduction of structural Fe(III) in the clay minerals was positively correlated with the percentage of smectite and mineral surface area of these minerals.
Smectite to Illite Transformation of Gulf of Mexico
conversion of the mineral smectite to illite. The ratio of illite to smectite is indicative of temperature and pressure condition in the basin. This ratio is used for oil reservoir
Ordered illite-smectite and kaolinite-smectite: pedogenic minerals …
Mixed-layer clay minerals of illite-smectite, having smectite contents ∼25% and IS ordering, kaolinite-smectite, and a three-component variety with kaolinite-smectite-chlorite-like material are described from a Carboniferous paleosol in South Wales. The clays, which are restricted to particular horizons, are unusual occurrences in a pedogenic ...
Kinetics of the smectite to illite transformation in the Denver …
@article{osti_5750242, title = {Kinetics of the smectite to illite transformation in the Denver Basin: Clay mineral, K-Ar data, and mathematical model results}, author = {Elliot, W C and Aronson, J L and Matisoff, G and Gautier, D L}, abstractNote = {Clay mineral data, potassium-argon (K-Ar) ages, and mathematical model simulations …
(PDF) Smectite to illite transformation of Gulf of Mexico
Smectite to illite transformation of Gulf of Mexico -Eugene Island (GoM-EI) mudrock. January 2016. Authors: Chunwei Ge. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. …
The kinetics of the smectite to illite transformation in …
Overall, randomly ordered mixed-layered illite-smectite (I-S) is the predominant clay mineral in these bentonites, and the K-Ar ages of I-S range from 36 to 48 Ma (21 analyses, two additional analyses were outside this range). Increased temperature from burial is thought to be the primary factor forming I-S in these bentonites.
Global Cooling Unearthed by MIT: Tectonic Clay Efficiently …
An accordion-textured clay called smectite efficiently traps organic carbon and could help buffer global warming over millions of years. MIT geologists have found that a clay mineral on the seafloor, called smectite, has a surprisingly powerful ability to sequester carbon over millions of years.. Under a microscope, a single grain of the clay …
Inter-Basinal Comparison of the Diagenetic Evolution of Illite/Smectite …
The K-Ar systematics of illite/smectite (I/S) mixed layers in deeply buried shales from the Gulf Coast, the North Sea and the Mahakam Delta basins have been compared to provide additional perspectives on the diagenetic evolution of these minerals. Comparison of the results suggests that illitization proceeds similarly in the 3 basins, at …
Full Characterization of Smectites
Nevertheless, each natural occurring smectite is unique in chemical composition and structural features depending on its provenance and genesis (Grim and Kulbicki, 1961, Schultz, 1969, Wilson, 1987, Wolters et al., 2009).End-member definitions provide the basis for classification and general properties but detailed characterization of …
(PDF) Smectite to illite transformation of Gulf of Mexico
are two major challenges in my researc h: 1. to transform smectite to illite in a. laboratory within a practical time scale 2. to analyze the transformed clay sample. and quantify the smectite ...
A mineral produced by plate tectonics has a global cooling …
From these analyses, one mineral had a clear presence and effect: smectite. Not only was the clay a naturally weathered product of tropical tectonics, it was also highly effective at trapping organic carbon. In theory, smectite seemed like a solid connection between tectonics and ice ages.
Fabric development and the smectite to illite transition in …
Fabric development and the smectite to illite transition in Gulf ofMexico mudstones: an image analysis approach. Geostatistical image analysis of backscattered …
The Kinetics of the Smectite to Illite Transformation in …
The Kinetics of the Smectite to Illite Transformation in Cretaceous Bentonites, Cerro Negro, New Mexico - Volume 47 Issue 3 ... Overall, randomly ordered mixed-layered illite-smectite (I-S) is the predominant clay mineral in these bentonites, and the K-Ar ages of I-S range from 36 to 48 Ma (21 analyses, two additional analyses were …
Hydrogen and Metal–Ligand Bonds in Swelling of Smectite Clay Minerals
The swelling/deswelling mechanism of clay minerals is similar to that of hydrogels. Typically, metal–ligand and hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) control the swelling/deswelling mechanism in these materials. A clay mineral montmorillonite (MMT) with three different monovalent cations Li+, Na+, and K+ has been considered for this …
Smectite illitization in Pliocene-age Gulf of Mexico …
Smectite illitization is commonly believed to require input of K from feldspar dissolution. our XRD results found little correlation between decreases in K-feldspar and increases of illite. However, in 1 instance TEM/EDS analyses indicated the presence of high-charge smectite, which suggests that insufficient K was available for illitization.
Thermal Analysis and Thermal Reactions of Smectites: a …
Abstract Smectites are a group of minerals tradition-ally analyzed by thermal methods due to their exception - ally large adsorbed-water contents and the presence of OH groups, which makes them unique among all com-mon soil- and rock-forming minerals. The dehydration reaction of smectite is a low-temperature endothermic eect that ends …
Smectite illitization in Pliocene-age Gulf of Mexico mudrocks
influence of mechanical compaction and clay mineral diagenesis on the microfabric and pore-scale properties of deep-water gulf of mexico mudstones
First-principles study of illite–smectite and implications
Metrics. Illite–smectite interstratified clay minerals are ubiquitous in sedimentary basins and they have been linked to the maturation, migration and trapping of hydrocarbons 1, rock ...
Global Cooling Unearthed by MIT: Tectonic Clay Efficiently …
By Jennifer Chu, Massachusetts Institute of Technology December 9, 2023. MIT researchers have discovered that smectite, a clay mineral formed from plate …
Elastic characteristics of overpressure due to smectite-to …
Clay minerals composed of a three-layered structure (T-O-T) belong to the smectite group (Colten-Bradley, 1987; Moyano et al., 2012), which includes smectite and illite. In illite, the distance between the first silica layer of one T-O-T sheet and the next silica layer of a neighboring T-O-T sheet (basal spacing) is approximately 10 Å (Figure 2 ).
Microbial reduction of Fe(III) in illite–smectite minerals by
The initial rate of bioreduction, calculated from the first 12 h, was also positively correlated with the percent smectite in each clay mineral.NAu-2 exhibited the highest rates, 0.027 and 0.024 mmol/h/g of NAu-2 with and without AQDS, respectivelypared with previous reports using the same NAu-2 concentration (10 …
Smectite Illitization in Pliocene-Age Gulf of Mexico Mudrocks
Smectite Illitization in Pliocene-Age Gulf of Mexico Mudrocks. Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 February 2024. J. H. Rask, L. T. Bryndzia, N. R. Braunsdorf and. T. E. Murray. Article. Metrics. Get access. Cite. Rights & Permissions. …
Minerals | Free Full-Text | Clay Minerals in Hydrothermal Systems …
The study of active and fossil hydrothermal systems shows clay minerals to be a fundamental tool for the identification and characterization of hydrothermal alteration facies. The occurrence and composition of hydrothermal alteration facies could provide useful information on the physicochemical conditions of the hydrothermal activity …
The role of geological origin of smectites and of their …
However, the study of Kannewischer et al. (2006) testing a large number of smectites samples (20) mined from different locations in the United States and Mexico …
Smectite Group: Mineral information, data and localities.
About Smectite Group Hide. Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O. Monoclinic clay-like minerals. Smectite is a group name for platy phyllosilicates of 2:1 layer and a layer charge of ~ -0.2 to -0.6 per formula unit. Generally for natural samples, the d (001) spacing is approximately 14.4-15.6 Å, although other spacing may occur depending on H2O ...
Synthesis of Smectite Clay Minerals: A Critical Review
Synthesis and crystallogenesis of ferric smectite by evolution of Si-Fe coprecipitates in oxidizing conditions. Clays and Clay Minerals, 22, 207–223. Article Google Scholar. Decarreau, A., Grauby, O., and Petit, S. (1992) The actual distribution of octahedral cations in 2:1 clay minerals: Results from clay synthesis.
Enrichment of Smectite in the REY‐Rich Mud of the …
Smectite is the main mineral found in clay-sized sediments (Figures 5b–5d). This smectite exhibits a honey-comb microfabric and grows in opal, suggesting it was authigenic smectite. EDS is conducted on the smectite in Figure e, which is iron-rich smectite and was also considered to be authigenic smectite in the Pacific (Aoki & …